The posting of RR cc points earned through spending isn't based on a number of days or weeks. Ever. They post to one's account based on one's statement closing date. Once a $ charge posts to the credit card, it earns a certain number of points. Those points are then paid out and transferred to Chase when the statement closes. A statement closes the same time every month.
So for example, let's assume someone signed up for a $5,000 MSR, earning 80,000 points. Let's say their statement closes 12/15/22. If on 12/11, they charged $5,001 and the charge posts, they will have earned their SUB of 80,000 points when their statement closes on 12/15. Just a matter of a few days after charging. Those points will count towards that calendar year's companion pass, so 2022/23.
In another scenario, one might charge $5,001 on 12/16/22. Because their statement just closed on 12/15, their next statement won't be until January 15, 2023. In this scenario, it's nearly four weeks between the points charging and being "earned" on the statement. They'll earn their SUB of 80,000 points and it will count towards 2023/24 companion pass.